Applied Research in Geographical Sciences

Applied Research in Geographical Sciences

The study of drought effects on the economic, social and environmental conditions of rural areas, from the viewpoint of heads of households

Authors
bahman shafii
hamid barghi
yusef ghanbari
Isfahan UN
10.29252/jgs.19.55.173
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the social, economic, and environmental effects of drought from the viewpoint of villagers, with the structural equation modeling approach. The purpose of this study is of applied research type, and is essentially a descriptive-correlation research. The population of the study, 1762 heads of households and sample size were determined according to Cochran formula, 316 people. Data analysis was performed using SPSS22 software and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). In this research, the observed variables were obtained for three components: economic, social, and environmental. Three first-factor factor analysis models were designed, measured, and validated for measuring three sub-scale droughts. Finally, the role and effect of observed variables and their triple components derived from the drought, as the main hidden dependent variable, and the relationships between them, were analyzed with the help of a structural model of the factor-factor analysis (CFA) of the quadratic factor of the second order. The results of the fitting and validation of all three models of drought measurement, and the realization of goals, as well as the quadratic model of second order, were evaluated based on the data for drought evaluation. Finally, drought affected by socioeconomic and social indicators of 0. 97, and environmental index was 0. 87, so the drought in the studied villages areas had the greatest impact on economic and social indicators, and As a result, it has been placed on an environmental index.
Keywords
drought
social effects
economic effects
environmental impacts
Hasan Abad district
Antwi-Agyei, Ph. and Fraser, E. D. G. and Dougill, A. J. and Stringer, L. C and Simelton, E. (2012). Mapping the vulnerability of crop production to drought in Ghana using rainfall, yield and socioeconomic data, Applied Geography. 32(1): 324-334.
Bacanli, U, Firat, M. , & Dikbas, F. (2008). Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)for drought forecasting, Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess, DOI 10. 1007/s00477-008-0288-5,Springer . 1-12.
Batabyal, A. A. , Beladi, H. (2001). Aspects of the Theory of Financial Risk Management for Natural Disasters, Applied Mathematics Letters, 14(7): 875-880.
Campbell, D. , Barker, D. & McGregor, D. (2016). Dealing with Drought Small Farmers and Environmental Hazards in Southern St. Elizabeth Jamaica, Applied Geography, 31(1): 146-158.
Campbell, D, Barker, D, McGregor, D. ( 2011). Dealing with Drought: Small Farmers and Environmental Hazards in Southern St. Elizabeth, Jamaica, Applied Geography, 31(1): 146- 158.
Dyke, G. , Gill. , S, Davies, R. , Betorz, F. , Andalsvik, Y. , Cackler, J. , DosSantos W. , Dunlop, K. , Ferreira I. , Kebe F. , Lamboglia E. , Matsubara Y. , Nikolaidis V. , Ostoja-Starzewski S. , Sakita M. , Verstappen. N. )2011(. Dealing with Drought: Small Farmers and Environmental Hazards in Southern St, Dream project.
Elfaigh, A. H. I. (2015). Strategies to Reduce Drought Vulnerability with Special Emphasis on Coping Strategies of the Poor: Sub–Saharan Semi-aridarea,Western Sudan, Retrieved from World Wide Web:
Encyclopædia Britannica. (2011). drought . Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011. Web. 03 Aug.
Maponya, PH. And Mpandeli. V,( 2012), Climate Change and Agricultural Production in South Africa: Impacts and Adaptation options, Journal of Agricultural Science; 4(10): 125-136.
Morid S, Smakhtin V, Moghaddasi M. ( 2006). Comparison of sevsen meterologial indices for drought monitoring in Iran, International Journal of climatology26(1): 971-985.
Speranze, C, Kiteme B, Wiesmann, U. (2008). Drought and Famines: the Underlying Factors and the Causal Links Among Agro-pastoral Households in Semi-arid Makueni District, Kenya, Global Environmental change, 18(1): 220-233.
Vento, J. Ph. , Reddy, V. R. & Umapathy, D. (2010). Coping with Drought in Irrigated South India: Farmers’ adjustments in NagarjunaSagar, Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier: 1434-1442.
Walker, M. & There, A. (1996). Drought as a National Hazard, Drought: a Global Assessment, 1(5): 3- 18.
Werts, C. E. ; Linn, R. L. ; and Joreskog, K. G. (2010). "Quantifying unmeasured variables. " Measurement in the Social Sciences (H. M. Blalock, Jr. , Ed. )
Wilhite, D. A. (1997). Response to drought: Common threads from the past vision for the future, J. of the American Water Resources Association, 33(1): 951-959