The innate sense of interaction with the region is a sign of environmental sensitivity, which is very vital in the 21st century. Today, it is inevitable that regionalism should be included in a larger discourse of architecture, and that the debate over the role of the use of regional green architecture as a factor in cultural identity and sense of place should be promoted. The present study argues that regionalist architecture has entered a new phase of its evolutionary process, which is sustainable regionalism. In this view, regions must be defined in terms of their unique resources and specific constraints. Instead of being influenced by globalization, regions must follow a complex interdependence in a global and regional interaction system that is physical, social, cultural, and most importantly ecological. Therefore, using the method of qualitative content analysis based on the logic of inductive reasoning, from the textual data and architectural experiences mentioned in the research, move and by extracting the hidden concepts in it, gradually reach more abstract levels of sustainable regionalism. We will find. In addition, using the latest works of architecture selected by international institutions and awards and competitions, we are developing examples of sustainable regionalism. Achieving a model or theoretical framework that demonstrates latent disciplines and repetitive patterns in regionalist architecture and sustainable architecture can be the culmination of research.

The rapid and ongoing trend of metropolises transitioning into global cities and world cities is influenced by the increasing political, economic, cultural, and scientific dimensions of the urban political geography. Cities, as dynamic entities, evolve from new cities to mother cities, metropolises, global cities, and ultimately world cities. In this competitive environment, metropolises strive to enhance their level of competitiveness vis-à-vis their counterparts. In this study, the researcher compares the performance of Tehran and Istanbul, two metropolises in the Islamic world, based on the criteria and functions of world cities. The researcher employs an index developed by political geography scholars who specialize in studying world cities. The objective is to determine the ranking of these cities among world cities. To accomplish this, relevant maps have been prepared using ArcMap software, and numerical indicators and criteria have been analyzed in a descriptive-analytical manner. The analysis reveals that Istanbul outperforms Tehran in most indicators and occupies a strong position in the network society and flow space of global cities. This can be attributed to factors such as geopolitical location, an open economic environment, and other indicators. The results of this comparative study can guide city administrators in designing a more suitable future landscape for these cities, ultimately leading to achieving global city status.