تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تحلیلی بر زمینه‌های کالبدی جرم‌خیزی فضاهای شهری و ارائه راهکارهای طراحی پیشگیرانه، مورد پژوهی: خیابان انقلاب تهران

نویسنده
دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری
چکیده
یکی از مهم­ترین رویکردها در جهت افزایش امنیت، پیشگیری از جرم از طریق طراحی محیطی است که بر طراحی شهری تمرکز دارد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی شرایط محیطی دقیق مؤثر در ایجاد رفتارهای آنومیک و مجرمانه در خیابان انقلاب تهران و ارائه راهکارهای طراحانه جهت کاهش آن‌ها در این مکان می­باشد. در مطالعه پیش رو، برای رسیدن به هدف پژوهش از روشی ترکیبی استفاده شده است. بدین منظور، در بخش اول با استفاده از روش مکان­سنجی (شامل برداشت میدانی و همچنین تهیه و تکمیل چک­لیست کارشناسان و چک­لیست جامع)، شرایط محیطی محدوده موردمطالعه در قالب مجموعه مؤلفه­های شرایط جرم­خیزی دسته­بندی شده و راهکارهایی برای کاهش جرم در خیابان انقلاب تهران ارائه گردید. در بخش دوم این پژوهش و به‌منظور اولویت­دهی به راهکارها و انتخاب راهکار بهینه برای جلوگیری از وقوع جرم و کاهش آن در محدوده موردمطالعه، از روش تحلیل شبکه‌ای (ANP) استفاده گردید. بر اساس نتایج پژوهش، آلودگی­های محیطی، آلودگی­های دیداری، ازدحام و مسئله نور و روشنایی استاندارد در شب، مهم­ترین عوامل محیطی رفتارهای آنومیک و مجرمانه در خیابان انقلاب تهران می­باشند. همچنین، بهینه­ترین راهکارها برای کاهش جرم و افزایش امنیت در محدوده موردمطالعه عبارت‌اند از: حذف مبلمان­ها و عناصر الحاق شده به مسیر پیاده، تعریف خوانای فعالیت­ها و کاربری­ها در نقاط گنگ فضا، ایجاد نشانه و عناصر شاخص در طول مسیر، محدود کردن تبلیغات و ایجاد روشنایی استاندارد در طول شب برای انجام فعالیت. نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان می‌دهد، تغییرات جزئی در محیط می‌تواند اثرات بزرگی بر کاهش جرم و افزایش امنیت داشته­ باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

An analysis of the physical contexts of crime in urban spaces and the provision of preventive design solutions, case study: Enghelab Street in Tehran

نویسنده English

Fatemeh Saffarsabzevar
Hakim Sabzevari University
چکیده English

One of the most effective approaches to enhancing urban security is crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED), which focuses on the role of urban design in reducing criminal behavior. This study aims to identify the specific environmental conditions that contribute to anomic and criminal behaviors on Enghelab Street in Tehran and to propose design solutions to mitigate these issues. The research employs a mixed-method approach to achieve its objectives. In the first phase, the Placecheck technique—which includes field surveys, expert checklists, and comprehensive checklists—was used to assess and categorize the environmental conditions of the study area. Based on this analysis, potential solutions to reduce crime were proposed. In the second phase, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method was applied to prioritize these solutions and identify the most effective strategies for crime prevention and reduction in the area. The findings of this study reveal that environmental pollution, visual clutter, overcrowding, and inadequate nighttime lighting are the most significant environmental factors contributing to crime on Enghelab Street. The most effective solutions to reduce crime and enhance security in the area include: removing obstructive furniture and elements from pedestrian pathways, clearly defining activities and land uses in ambiguous spaces, installing signage and landmark elements along the route, regulating advertisements, and implementing standardized nighttime lighting to support safe activities. The results of this research demonstrate that even minor environmental modifications can have a substantial impact on reducing crime and improving security.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Security
Crime Prevention
environmental design
Tehran's Enghelab St
Placecheck
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