تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

بررسی زمانی-مکانی تبخیر و تعرق در بخش جنوبی حوضه آبریز رودخانه ارس

نویسندگان
مهناز صابر 1
برومند صلاحی 2
عباس مفیدی 3
1 دانشجوی دکتری اقلیم شناسی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
2 استاد اقلیم شناسی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
3 استادیار اقلیم شناسی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
10.61186/jgs.24.74.17
چکیده
در این مطالعه، تغییرات زمانی-مکانی تبخیر و تعرق (ET) در بخش جنوبی حوضه آبریز رودخانه ارس مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای این منظور، از داده­های شبکه­ بندی شده ET مدل FLDAS Noah با تفکیک افقی 1/0*1/0 درجه برای یک دوره 38 ساله (2019-1982) استفاده شد. پس از اعتبارسنجی داده­ها، ابتدا مقادیر متوسط سالانه ET برای منطقه تعیین گردید. سپس توزیع ماهانه و فصلی پارامتر به شکل فضایی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. در ادامه وردایی­ها و ناهنجاری­های سال به سال ET ارزیابی شد. همچنین پراکندگی فضایی فراوانی وقوع ET با لحاظ نمودن آستانه­های مطلق 50، ،80، 100 و 120 میلی­متر برای حوضه ارس بررسی شد. نتایج بیانگر آن است که ET سالانه در شرق حوضه بالاتر از غرب حوضه می­باشد. در مقیاس فصلی، به ترتیب فصل بهار و تابستان بیش­ترین مقادیر ET را به خود اختصاص داده­اند. در مقیاس ماهانه، ماه­های می ژوئن، آوریل و مارس دارای بیش­ترین مقادیر ET بوده­اند. در مقابل، ماه­های فصل پاییز و زمستان پایین­ترین مقادیر متوسط ET را به خود اختصاص داده­اند. همچنین کل حوضه در طول دوره مطالعه، سه دوره مشخص از تغییرات ET را تجربه نموده است که در بخش­های شرقی و غربی حوضه، علیرغم رفتار مشابه در دوره­های دوم و سوم، تفاوت برجسته­ای در دوره اول ملاحظه گردید. یافته­ها همچنین حاکی از وجود ناهنجاری مثبت بعد از سال 2002 در کل حوضه است که بالاترین مقادیر آن در سال 2018 در غرب حوضه بوقوع پیوسته است. بررسی فراوانی وقوع آستانه­های مطلق ET بر روی حوضه، نشان­دهنده دفعات بالای وقوع ET در تمامی آستانه­ها در شرق حوضه می باشد. بررسی قریب 4 دهه مقادیر ET در حوضه رود ارس، بیانگر افزایش مقادیر ET در طی دو دهه اخیر بر روی کل حوضه بوده که می­توان آن را ناشی از وقوع پدیده گرمایش جهانی دانست.
کلیدواژه‌ها
تبخیر و تعرق
سامانه FLDAS
مدل Noah
حوضه آبریز رودخانه ارس

عنوان مقاله English

Spatiotemporal study of evapotranspiration in the southern part of the Aras River basin

نویسندگان English

Mahnaz Saber 1
bromand Salahi 2
Abbas Mofidi 3
1 Ph.D Student-University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
2 Professor of climatology - University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
3 Assistant professor-Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
چکیده English

In this study, the spatiotemporal variations of evapotranspiration (ET) were investigated in the southern part of the Aras River catchment. For this purpose, the ET networked data of FLDAS Noah model with horizontal resolution of 0.1 * 0.1 degree were used for a period of 38 years (2019-1982). After validating the data, the average annual ET values ​​for the region were determined first. Then the monthly and seasonal distribution of the parameter were analyzed spatially. Subsequently, ET variations and anomalies were evaluated year to year. Also, the spatial distribution of the occurrence frequency of ET was investigated by considering the absolute thresholds of 50, 80, 100 and 120 mm for the Aras basin. The results show that the annual ET in the east of the basin is higher than the west of the basin. In the seasonal scale, spring and summer have the highest ET values, respectively. In the monthly scale, Mayو June, April and March had the highest ET values, respectively. In contrast, the autumn and winter months have the lowest average ET values. Also, the whole basin during the study period has experienced three distinct periods of ET changes that in the eastern and western parts of the basin, despite the same behavior in the second and third periods, a significant difference was observed in the first period. The results also indicate the existence of positive anomalies after 2002 in the whole basin, the highest values ​​occurred in 2018 in the west of the basin. The study of the frequency of occurrence of absolute ET thresholds on the basin shows the high frequency of ET occurrence at all thresholds in the east of the basin. A study of nearly 4 decades of ET values ​​in the Aras River Basin shows an increase in ET values ​​over the last two decades over the entire basin, which can be attributed to the occurrence of global warming.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

evapotranspiration
FLDAS system
Noah model
Aras river basin
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