تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تعیین روند زمانی و مکانی و نقطه تغییر دما و بارش در حوضه کشف‌رود

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.
2 استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.
چکیده
بررسی ویژگی‌های آب و هوایی و نوسانات آن در ارزیابی تاثیر تغییر اقلیم و مدیریت و بهره برداری از منابع آب اهمیت دارد. تحلیل روند سری‌های زمانی متغیرهای هیدرولوژی و هواشناسی یکی از روش­های تعیین تغییر در مولفه‌های اقلیمی است که با روش‌های مختلف پارامتری و ناپارامتری انجام می‌شود. در این پژوهش روند بارش و دما در سه مقیاس زمانی سالانه، فصلی و ماهانه در ایستگاه­های حوضه کشف‌رود برای دوره آماری 1364 تا 1395 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای این منظور آمار بارش و دمای ماهانه اخذ گردید و روند سری‌های زمانی سالانه، فصلی و ماهانه با استفاده از آزمون ناپارامتری من کندال و آزمون پتیت در سطح اطمینان 95% مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که روند دمای بیشینه در فصول بهار و زمستان و همچنین در مقیاس سالانه برای کلیه ایستگاه­های حوضه افزایشی است. اما در فصل تابستان و پاییز الگوی یکسانی وجود ندارد. روند دمای کمینه ایستگاههای حوضه در تمامی فصول از الگوی واحدی برخوردار نیست. نتایج تحلیل روند بارش نشان می‌دهد که بارش سالانه حوضه تغییر نکرده و روند آن در سطح 5 درصد معنی‌دار نیست در حالی که در فصل زمستان مقدار بارش حوضه روند کاهشی داشته است و در پاییز نیز در نیمه جنوبی روند افزایشی است. کاهش شدید بارش در زمستان و ماه­های دی و بهمن و افزایش آن در آبان می­تواند مدیریت منابع آب حوضه را در فصل خشک با چالش جدی مواجه کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Spatio-temporal trend and change detection of temperature and precipitation of Kashafroud basin

نویسندگان English

Amenh Khosravi 1
Mahmood Azari 2
1 M.A. Student, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Range and Watershed Management, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
چکیده English

The study of meteorological characteristics and its variability is important in assessing the climate change impacts for water resources management. Trend analysis of hydrological and meteorological time series is a method for determining the change in climate variables that is performed with different parametric and non-parametric methods. In this research, the annual, seasonal and monthly trends were analyzed regarding rainfall and temperature time series for 1986-2017 in 28 stations of Kashafroud basin in the Northeast of Iran. For this purpose, the annual, seasonal and monthly trends were evaluated using non-parametric Mann Kendall and Pettitt test at 95% level significance. The results showed the trend for the monthly maximum temperature in spring and winter and also the annual trend for all stations was increasing, whereas the summer and autumn pattern differed. The trend of minimum temperature in all seasons and stations do not have a uniform pattern. The results of precipitation trend indicated that the annual precipitation of the basin had not changed and did not have a significant trend in 5% level of significance. Precipitation of the basin in the winter decreased. There was an increasing trend in the Southern half of the basin in autumn. The noticeable decrease of precipitation in winter season especially during January and February with an increase in November can be a serious challenge for water resource management of basin during the dry season.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Climate variability
Mann Kendall test
Time Series
Pettitt test
Mashhad
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