تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

اثرات گردشگری بر ارتقای سطح رفاه اقتصادی و اجتماعی خانوارهای روستایی شهرستان چابهار

نویسندگان
مهرشاد طولابی نژاد 1
علی منظم اسماعیل‌پور 2
ثنا رحمانی 3
خدیجه صادقی 4
1 دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران
2 استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران
3 مدرس گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری و هنر و معماری دانشگاه پیام نور تهران
4 دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان ، ایران
10.52547/jgs.22.65.283
چکیده
یکی از رهیافت‌های اصلی برای توسعه روستایی و افزایش رفاه خانوارهای روستایی توجه به توسعه گردشگری روستایی است. چرا که توسعه گردشگری می­تواند نقش مهمی در رفاه خانوارها و همچنین پایداری معیشت روستایی داشته باشد. هدف این مطالعه بررسی اثرات گردشگری بر ارتقای سطح رفاه روستاهای ساحلی شهرستان چابهار می­باشد. تحقیق حاضر از نظر هدف، کاربردی و روش انجام آن توصیفی-تحلیلی است. جامعه آماری خانوارهای روستایی شهرستان چابهار می­باشد (3720N=). با استفاده از فرمول کوکران و به روش نمونه­گیری سهمیه­ای، 280 خانوار در 6 روستای ساحلی که دارای جاذبه­های گردشگری هستند به عنوان نمونه انتخاب گردید. برای تحلیل داده­ها و پاسخگویی به سوالات پژوهش از آزمون هم­انباشتگی نامحدود اکتشافی، آزمون تحلیل واریانس و رگرسیون چند متغیره استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که از نظر شاخص­های رفاه اقتصادی، گردشگری به ترتیب بیشترین اثرات را بر ایجاد اشتغال فصلی، بهبود درآمد، توسعه مسکن، و تحرک اقتصاد محلی داشته است. از نظر شاخص­های رفاه اجتماعی، به ترتیب بیشترین اثرات گردشگری مربوط به بهبود اوقات فراغت، تغییر سبک و شیوه زندگی، توسعه امکانات بهداشتی، و افزایش حس تعلق­مکانی مردم محلی بوده است. همچنین نتایج نشان داد با اینکه گردشگری در روستاهای منطقه مورد مطالعه اثرات چشمگیری بر رفاه اقتصادی و اجتماعی خانوارهای روستایی داشته است؛ ولی در مقایسه با شاخص­های اجتماعی، گردشگری بیشترین اثر را بر رفاه اقتصادی و شاخص­های آن داشته است. در راستای یافته­های تحقیق پیشنهاداتی در زمینه توسعه گرشگری و رفاه خانوارهای روستایی ارائه شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
گردشگری روستایی
گردشگری ساحلی
رفاه اقتصادی و اجتماعی
شهرستان چابهار

عنوان مقاله English

The effects of tourism on the promotion of rural welfare (Case study: coastal villages' city of Chabahar)

نویسندگان English

mehrshad toulabi nejad 1
Ali Manzam esmailpor 2
sana rahmani 3
khadijeh sadeghi 4
1 phd of geography and rural planing , University of Sistan and Baluchestan
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Payame Noor University, Iran
3 teacher of Geography and Urban Planning, Arts and Architecture, Payam Noor University, tehran, Iran
4 phd student of geography and rural planing , University of Sistan and Baluchestan
چکیده English

In recent years, one of the main approaches to rural development and increasing the well-being of rural households is the development of rural tourism. Because tourism development can play an important role in the well-being of households as well as in rural livelihoods. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of tourism on improving the welfare of coastal villages in Chabahar. The present research is a descriptive-analytical approach. The statistical population of rural households is Chabahar (N = 3720). Using Cochran formula and quota sampling method, 280 households in 6 coastal villages with tourist attractions are selected as samples. To analyze the data and to answer the research questions, unlimited exploratory co-univariate test, variance analysis and multivariate regression were used. The results showed that in terms of economic welfare indicators, tourism had the most effects on seasonal employment, income growth, housing development, and local economy mobility. In terms of social welfare indicators, tourism has the most impact on improving leisure time, changing lifestyle and lifestyle, developing health facilities, and increasing the sense of belonging to local people. Also, the results showed that tourism in the villages of the study area had significant effects on the economic and social well-being of rural households, but compared with social indicators, tourism had the most impact on economic well-being and its indicators. In line with the findings of the research, suggestions were made regarding the development of rural tourism and the welfare of rural households.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Rural Tourism
Coastal Tourism
Economic and Social Welfare
Chabahar County
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