تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

ارزیابی بهره‌گیری از قابلیت‌های هنر عمومی در بازآفرینی فرهنگ مبنا (مطالعه موردی: محله عودلاجان)

نویسندگان
محمود آروین 1
مهسا قانع 2
احمد پوراحمد 3
1 دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تهران،تهران، ایران
2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد طراحی شهری دانشگاه هنر، تهران، ایران
3 استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده جغرافیا ، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
10.52547/jgs.22.64.181
چکیده
یکی از رویکردهای نوین بازآفرینی جهت ارتقا کیفیت بافت‌های فرسوده بازآفرینی با رویکرد فرهنگ مبنا است. در این راستا بهره‌گیری از هنر و فرهنگ به‌عنوان یکی از راهکارهای بازآفرینی فرهنگ مبنا شناخته می‌شود. هدف اصلی این پژوهش ارزیابی بهره‌گیری از قابلیت‌ها و توانایی‌های اجرایی هنر عمومی در دو بعد دائمی و موقت و میزان تأثیرگذاری هنر عمومی در ابعاد اجتماعی-فرهنگی، زیبایی‌شناسی کالبدی و اقتصادی جهت بازآفرینی بافت فرسوده محله عودلاجان واقع در منطقه 12 شهر تهران می‌باشد. تحقیق حاضر از نظر هدف، کاربردی، از نظر روش توصیفی –تحلیلی است. با بررسی مطالعات مرتبط شاخص‌های هنر عمومی در دو بعد دائمی (مبلمان، فضای سبز و گیاهان رونده، نقاشی دیواری، احیای بنای تاریخی، کافه و رستوران، کتابخانه، مجسمه، المان، طراحی ورودی و پل) و موقت (نمایش خیابانی، مسابقات، نمایشگاهِ و جشنواره، اسکان هنرمندان، کارگاه آموزشی، صداگذاری، نور و صدا، پخش فیلم) تدوین گردید.جامعه آماری پرسشنامه ساکنان محله عودلاجان می‌باشند که با توجه جمعیت محله، 16943 نفر با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 384 نفر به‌عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب گردید. جهت تحلیل پاسخ شهروندان از تحلیل معادلات ساختاری در نرم آموس گرافیک استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد هنر عمومی دائمی و موقت باعث توسعه اقتصادی، توسعه زیبایی‌شناسی کالبدی و توسعه اجتماعی-فرهنگی در محله عودلاجان می‌شوند که از این میان در هنر عمومی دائمی شاخص کافه و رستوران بیشترین و پل کمترین تأثیر را دارد. در هنر عمومی موقت نیز شاخص پخش فیلم بیشترین تأثیر و کمترین تأثیر را شاخص صداگذاری دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
بافت فرسوده
بازآفرینی فرهنگ مبنا
هنر عمومی
محله عودلاجان

عنوان مقاله English

Evaluating the utilization of public art capabilities in cultural-led regeneration (Case study: Oudlajan neighborhood)

نویسندگان English

mahmood ARVIN 1
Mahsa ghaneh 2
ahmad pourahmad 3
1 PhD in Geography and Urban Planning, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Graduate of Urban Design, University of Arts, Tehran, Iran.
3 Professor of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Considering that today many cities of the country face problems such as problems of distressed urban fabric, in order to solve these problems, various solutions have been presented by experts and theorists, among which one can refer to regeneration. Regeneration has different approaches that have been studied in this research of the re-establishment of the cultural-led. The main objective of this research is to assess the utilization of the capabilities and abilities of public art in two permanent and temporary dimensions and the extent of the impact of public art on socio-cultural, physical and economic aesthetics in order to regeneration the distressed urban fabric of the Oudlajan neighborhood in Tehran. The present research is descriptive-analytical in terms of objective, applied. By studying the related studies of public art indices in two permanent dimensions (furniture, green space and moving plants, mural painting, restoration of the monument, cafes and restaurants, library, statue, element, entrance and bridge design) and temporary (street display, competitions, Exhibitions and festivals, artists' residences, workshops, sound, light and sound, video broadcasting). The statistical population of the questionnaire is the residents of the Oudlajan neighborhood. According to the population of the neighborhood, 16,943 people were selected using the Cochran formula, 384 as the sample size. To analyze the response of citizens, the analysis of structural equations in soft AMOS graphics has been used. The results show that permanent and temporary public art promotes economic development, the development of physical aesthetics and socio-cultural development in the Oudlajan neighborhood, among which permanent and most popular exhibitions are the highest in the cafes and restaurants, and the bridge has the least impact. In the interim animated film, the video playback index has the most impact and the least impact is the soundtrack.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

distressed urban fabric
cultural-led regeneration
public art
Oudlajan neighborhood
7. Amnuay-ngerntra, S. (2016). Community Development through Public Art Event in Ratchaburi, Thailand. In Managing and Developing Communities, Festivals and Events (pp. 90-102). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
8. Bakar, N. I. A., Mansor, M., & Harun, N. Z. (2014). Vertical Greenery System as Public Art? Possibilities and challenges in Malaysian urban context. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 153, 230-241
9. Baklien, B. (2000). Culture is healthy. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 7(2), 235-257.
10. Becker, J. (2004). Public art: An essential component of creating communities. Americans for the Arts.
11. Bianchini, F., & Parkinson, M. (Eds). (1994). Cultural policy and urban regeneration: the West European experience. Manchester University Press.
12. Blackman, M. (2011). Public art discourse: a case study of Gateshead, England. International journal of the Arts in society. 6(3), 137-152.
13. Bovaird, A. G. (1998). Public Art in Urban Regeneration. On the w@ terfront, 1-27.
14. Caves, R. W. (2004). Encyclopedia of the City. Routledge.
15. Gökşin, A., & Müderrisoğlu, B. (2005). Urban Regeneration: a Comprehensive Strategy for Creating Spaces for Innovative Economies. Urban Regeneration: A Comprehensive Strategy. In 41st ISoCaRP Congress, İstanbul, 1-14
16. Grove, Laurie (2009), London Borough of Lewisham Public Art Strategy
17. Guetzkow, J. (2002). How the arts impact communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies. Paper prepared for the Taking the Measure of Culture Conference, Princeton University, June 7–8. Cultural Trends, 71.
18. Hall, T., & Robertson, I. (2001). Public art and urban regeneration: advocacy, claims and critical debates.
19. Jarden, w. (2010). Public art investigation into public arts development, funding, delivery and promotion in England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland
20. Jasmi, M. F., & Mohamad, N. H. N. (2016). Roles of Public Art in Malaysian Urban Landscape towards Improving Quality of Life: Between Aesthetic and Functional Value. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 222, 872-880.
21. Kana, K. (2012). An experiment in urban regeneration using culture and art in Senba, Osaka’s historic urban center, with a focus on the regeneration of urban space. City, Culture and Society, 3(2), 151-163.
22. Kim, J. Y. (2015). Urban Regeneration Utilizing Art: A Case Study of the Samlye Art Village, Korea. International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering, 10(11), 337-342.
23. Lakhanpal, adam (2013), an exploration into public art as an urban regeneration tool for HULL
24. Landi, P. J. (2012). Public Art-Purpose and Benefits: Exploring Strategy in the New England City of Pittsfield, Ma.
25. Lees, L., & Melhuish, C. (2015). Arts-led regeneration in the UK: The rhetoric and the evidence on urban social inclusion. European urban and regional studies, 22(3), 242-260.
26. Matarasso, F. (1997). Use or ornament. The social impact of participation in the arts, 4(2).
27. Mikulay, J. G. (2007). The public's art: participatory gestures and contemporary practice. University of Wisconsin-Madison.
28. Mitrache, G. (2012). Architecture, art, public space. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 51, 562-566.
29. Montgomery, J. (2003). Cultural quarters as mechanisms for urban regeneration. Part 1: Conceptualising cultural quarters. Planning, Practice & Research, 18(4), 293-306.
30. Ni, Y., & Teng, Y. (2012). Analysis on the Interaction of Public Art in Different Areas of City. In Soft Computing in Information Communication Technology (pp. 391-396). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
31. Omar, S. S., Sakip, S. R. M., & Akhir, N. M. (2016). Bringing the New to the Old: Urban regeneration through public arts. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 234, 515-524.
32. Palermo, L. (2014). The role of art in urban gentrification and regeneration: aesthetic, social and economic developments. IL CAPITALE CULTURALE. Studies on the Value of Cultural Heritage, (10), 521-545.
33. Pendlebury, J. (2000). Conservation, conservatives and consensus: The success of conservation under the Thatcher and Major governments, 1979–1997. Planning Theory & Practice, 1(1), 31-52.
34. Phoenix Initiative Coventry (2003), Client Coventry City Council Completion June 2003.
35. Ranney, S. (2012). SoHo: Beyond Boutiques and Cast Iron: The Significance, Legacy, and Preservation of the Pioneering Artist Community's Cultural Heritage.
36. Remesar, A. (2005). Public Art: Towards a theoretical framework. E− π ο λ ι σe− π ο λ ι σ, 128.
37. Remesar, A. (2011). Public Art, strategies for the regeneration of public space. On the w@ terfront, (17), 3-27.
38. Roberts, P., & Sykes, H. (Eds). (1999). urban regeneration: a handbook. Sage.
39. Sharp, J., Pollock, V., & Paddison, R. (2005). Just art for a just city: Public art and social inclusion in urban regeneration. Urban Studies, 42(5-6), 1001-1023.
40. Tornaghi, C. (2008). Questioning the social aims of public art in urban regeneration initiatives. The case of Newcastle upon Tyne and Gateshead (UK). Unpublished manuscript, University off Newcastle.
41. Turk, N. (2014), the Urban Renaissance: Art and Culture for Socioeconomic Regeneration in Jordann.
42. Ursic, M. (2014). City as a Work of Art'–Influence of Public Art in the City. University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Social Sciences.
43. Vickery, J. (2012). Public art and the art of the public–after the creative city.
44. Zebracki, M., Van Der Vaart, R., & Van Aalst, I. (2016). Deconstructing public artopia: Situating public-art claims within practice. Geoforum, 41(5), 786-795.
45. Zheng, J. (2017). Contextualizing public art production in China: The urban sculpture planning system in Shanghai. Geoforum, 82, 89-101.
46. Zhong, S. (2016