تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

راهبردهای متنوع سازی فعالیّت های اقتصادی در روستاهای شهرستان سقز با استفاده از روش SWOC و ماتریس QSPM

نویسندگان
1 دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
2 دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
3 دانشیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
متنوع سازی فعالیّت­های اقتصادی در مناطق روستایی به عنوان یک راهبرد در نظر گرفته می­شود که خانوارهای روستایی از طریق آن منابع درآمدی خود را افزایش می­دهند و همچنین می­توانند از طریق این راهبرد یک واکنش و مدیریت مناسبی در مقابله با شوک­های ناشی از عوامل انسانی و طبیعی داشته باشند. روستاهای شهرستان سقز به رغم دارا بودن پتانسیل­ها و توان­های محیطی بالا در بخش­های مختلف از جمله کشاورزی و.. وضعیت معیشتی و اقتصادی نامناسبی دارند. بنابراین مقالۀ حاضر در پی پاسخگویی به این پرسش است که راهبردهای مناسب برای متنوع­سازی فعالیّت­های اقتصادی در روستاهای شهرستان سقز کدامند؟ پژوهش حاضر با روش توصیفی-تحلیلی و به شیوۀ پیمایشی و مدل تحلیل SWOC و ماتریس ارزیابی QSPM به ارائۀ راهبردهای مناسب پرداخته است.برای طراحی مدل راهبردی و تعیین رتبۀ عوامل 20 از کارشناسان و همچنین برای امتیاز دهی به عوامل 300 نفر از روستاییان در منطقۀ مورد مطالعه است به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. نتایج مدل SWOC نشان می­دهد که وجود اکوسیستم مناسب در منطقه برای توسعه گردشگری، وجود داشتن چهار فصل اقلیمی در منطقه و امکان کشت در هر فصل و همچنین وجود کشاورزان پیشرو در منطقه مهمترین نقاط قوت و در مقابل ضعف بنیه مالی و اقتصادی بسیاری از روستاییان و سنتی بودن بهره برداری مهمترین نقاط ضعف داخلی برای متنوع سازی فعالیّت­های اقتصادی در منطقه مورد مطالعه می­باشند. همچنین نتایج این مدل نشان می­دهد که در محیط خارجی از 34 فرصت شناسایی شده، توجه مسئولین به صنایع تبدیلی و تکمیلی ، مرزنشینی و زمینه مناسب برای صادرات محصولات کشاورزی به کشورهای عراق، مهمترین فرصت­های بیرونی تأثیرگذار و در مقابل از 36 چالش و محدودیت بیرونی شناسایی شده، عوامل کلیدی مهاجرت و خروج نخبگان تحصیل کرده به تهران و استان­های همجوار، تغییر اقلیم و افزایش مخاطرات طبیعی از جمله سیل و خشکسالی مهمترین موانع بیرونی اثرگذار بر متنوع سازی فعالیّت­های اقتصادی در روستاهای منطقه مورد مطالعه است.همچنین نتایج نشان می­دهد که متنوع سازی فعالیّت­های اقتصادی در روستاهای مورد مطالعه بایستی در راستای تمرکز بر قوت­ها و فرصت­ها قرار باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Strategies for diversification of economic activities in villages of Saqez city using SWOC method and QSPM matrix

نویسندگان English

ahadollah fatahi 1
afsaneh ahmadi 2
vahid riahi 3
hamid jalalian 3
1 phd student of geography and rural planning, University of tarbiat modarrs, Tehran, Iran
2 phd student of geography and rural planning, University of Kharazmi, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Prof. in Geography and Rural Planning, Kharzmi University
چکیده English

The diversification of economic activities in rural areas is considered as a strategy where rural households increase their income sources. The villages of Saqez city, despite having high environmental potential and capacity in different sectors, such as agriculture, have a poor livelihood and economic status. Therefore, the present article seeks to answer the following questions: What are the appropriate strategies for diversifying economic activities in the villages of Saqiz? The present study was conducted through descriptive-analytic method. In a survey method, SWOC analysis model and QSPM evaluation matrix, we presented appropriate strategies. To design a strategic model and determine the ranking of factors 20 from experts and also to factor out the factors of 300 villagers in the area. The study sample is selected as sample. The results of the SWOC model show that the existence of an appropriate ecosystem in the region for tourism development, the existence of four climates in the region and the possibility of cultivation in each season, as well as the presence of the leading farmers in the region, are the most important strengths against the weakness of the financial and economic context of many Villagers and traditional exploitation are the most important internal weaknesses for diversifying economic activities in the study area. Also, the results of this model indicate that in the external environment 34 opportunities have been identified, the attention of the authorities to the conversion and complementary industries, the border area and the suitable field for exporting agricultural products to the Iraqi countries, are the most important external opportunities and in contrast to 36 challenges and limitations. The key factors of the migration and exodus of elite educated to Tehran and neighboring provinces, climate change and increasing natural hazards such as floods and droughts are the most important external barriers affecting the diversification of economic activities in the villages of the study area. Also, the results indicate It gives diversification of the activities of the economy The studied villages should be focused on strengths and opportunities.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Diversification
Economic Activities
rural communities
Saqez City
SWOC Analytical Model
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