تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تاثیر گردشگری بر کیفیت زندگی روستاهای سواحل دریای عمان

نویسنده
علی منظم اسماعیل‌پور
استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی دانشگاه پیام نور تهران
10.52547/jgs.21.63.381
چکیده
گردشگری نقش مهمی در توسعه روستایی دارد. گردشگری ضمن تصحیل فرایند توسعه روستایی از طریق تنوع بخشی به فعالیت­های اقتصادی، حفظ یکپارچگی اجتماعی، حفاظت از محیط زیست، و تغییرات مثبت فضایی- کالبدی در سکونتگاه­های روستایی می­تواند منجر به افزایش کیفیت زندگی در نواحی روستایی شود. با توجه به اهمیت این موضوع، در پژوهش حاضر به بررسی اثرات گردشگری بر ارتقاء سطح کیفیت زندگی سکونتگاههای روستایی پرداخته شد. تحقیق حاضر از نظر هدف، کاربردی و روش انجام آن توصیفی- تحلیلی است. ابزار گردآوری داده­ها و اطلاعات پرسش­نامه و مصاحبه با خانوارهای روستایی بوده است. جامعه آماری شامل سکونتگاههای روستایی سواحل دریای عمان در جنوب استان سیستان و بلوچستان، دو شهرستان ساحلی کنارک و چابهار می­باشد (4855N=). با استفاده از فرمول کوکران و به روش نمونه­گیری سهمیه­ای، 356 نمونه در 12 روستا که دارای جاذبه­های گردشگری بوده­اند به عنوان نمونه انتخاب گردید. برای تحلیل داده­ها و پاسخگویی به سوالات پژوهش از آزمون­های توصیفی، آزمون تحلیل واریانس و مدل تحلیل مسیر استفاده شد. نتایج آزمون تحلیل واریانس نشان داد که گردشگری ارتباط خطی مناسبی با افزایش کیفیت زندگی سکونتگاهای روستایی شهرستان کنارک و چابهار داشته است. به طوری که طبق مدل تحلیل مسیر، گردشگری روستایی اثرات مختلف و مطلوبی بر شاخص­های اقتصادی، اجتماعی، محیطی و کالبدی- فضایی داشته و مقدار p کلیه پارامترهای لامدا در مدل فوق حکایت از تأیید کلیه روابط رگرسیونی دارد. از بین ابعاد چهارگانه، توسعه گردشگری بیشترین اثر را بر بعد اقتصادی کیفیت زندگی و کمترین اثرات را بر بعد اجتماعی کیفیت زندگی در سکونتگاههای روستاهای داشته است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
گردشگری
گردشگری روستایی
کیفیت زندگی
سکونتگاههای ساحلی
جنوب سیستان و بلوچستان

عنوان مقاله English

Tourism impact on quality of life in villages off the coast of Oman

نویسنده English

Ali Manzam Ismailpor
Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Tourism plays an important role in rural development. Tourism while enhancing the rural development process through diversification of economic activities, maintaining social integrity, environmental protection, and positive spatial-physical changes in rural settlements can increase the quality of life in rural areas. Due to the importance of this issue, in the present study, the effects of tourism on improving the quality of life of rural settlements were investigated. The present research is descriptive-analytical in terms of purpose and method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire and interviews with rural households. The statistical population includes rural settlements on the shores of the Oman Sea in the south of Sistan and Baluchestan province, the two coastal cities of Konarak and Chabahar (N = 4855). Using Cochranchr('39')s formula and quota sampling method, 356 samples in 12 villages that had tourist attractions were selected as a sample. Descriptive tests, analysis of variance and path analysis model were used to analyze the data and answer the research questions. The results of analysis of variance showed that tourism has a good linear relationship with increasing the quality of life in rural settlements of Konarak and Chabahar. So that according to the route analysis model, rural tourism has different and favorable effects on economic, social, environmental and physical-spatial indicators and the value of p of all Lamda parameters in the above model indicates the confirmation of all regression relationships. Among the four dimensions, tourism development has had the greatest effect on the economic dimension of quality of life and the least effect on the social dimension of quality of life in rural settlements.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

tourism
Rural Tourism
quality of life
coastal settlements
south of Sistan and Baluchestan
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