تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

ارزیابی هیدروژئوشیمیایی و شناسایی عوامل کنترل کننده ترکیب شیمیایی آب چشمه‌های موجود در دشت الشتر، استان لرستان

نویسنده
وهاب امیری
استادیار گروه زمین شناسی دانشگاه یزد
10.52547/jgs.21.63.271
چکیده
در این مطالعه، با استفاده از آنالیز کیفی 346 نمونه آب تهیه شده از 10 دهنه چشمه به ارزیابی هیدروژئوشیمیایی آب زیرزمینی مبادرت شده است.بر اساس دیاگرام‌های گیبس و ون ویردام،برهمکنش با سازندهای سنگی و رسوبی،فرآیند غالب کنترل کننده ترکیب شیمیایی آب است.بر اساس دیاگرام چادا و خروجی برنامه AquaChem، مقدار عناصر قلیایی خاکی (کلسیم و منیزیم) بیشتر از قلیایی (سدیم و پتاسیم) و آنیون‌ اسیدهای ضعیف (کربنات و بیکربنات) بیشتر از آنیون‌ اسیدهای قوی (کلراید و سولفات) است. بنابراین، دو تیپ هیدروشیمیایی غالب در نمونه‌های آبی شامل Ca-Mg-HCO3 و Mg-Ca-HCO3 است.در این منطقه، انحلال پیشرفته کربنات و تا حدودی هالیت موجب افزایش غلظت کلسیم،بیکربنات و کلرور شده است.تمامی نمونه‌های آبی دارای HCO3+SO4 کمتر از 5 میلی‌اکی‌والان بر لیتر هستند و این نشان می‌دهد که انحلال کلسیت و دولومیت فرآیند اصلی تأثیرگذار بر شیمی آب است.تبادل یونی بین آب زیرزمینی و مواد ریزدانه آبخوان بطور گسترده صورت می‌گیرد. بر اساس اندیس‌های کلروآلکالن 1 و 2، نزدیک به 49/5 درصد نمونه‌ها تبادل یونی معکوس را نشان می‌دهند.محاسبه اندیس اشباع نشان می‌دهد که تمامی نمونه‌های آبی نسبت به انیدریت،آراگونیت،کلسیت،دولومیت،ژیپس و CO2 در حالت تحت اشباع قرار دارند.علاوه بر این،اندیس اشباع نمونه‌های آبی نسبت به کلسیت و آراگونیت بزرگ‌تر از انیدریت،دولومیت و ژیپس می‌باشد. بررسی مولفه‌های اصلی تأثیرگذار بر تغییر شیمی آب نشان می‌دهد که در حدود 82 درصد تغییرات شیمی آب توسط 4 عامل اصلی کنترل می‌شود که عامل 1 شامل Ca و HCO3، عامل 2 شامل Na و Cl، عامل 3 شامل Mg و SO4 و عامل 4 شامل pH می‌باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
هیدروژئوشیمی
تبادل یونی
اندیس اشباع
آنالیز خوشه‌ای
تحلیل عاملی

عنوان مقاله English

Hydrogeochemical Assessment and Identification of Controlling Factors of Chemical Composition of Spring Waters in Alashtar Plain, Lorestan Province

نویسنده English

Vahab Amiri
Assistant professor of Geology , Yazd University
چکیده English

In this study, the hydrogeochemical status of groundwater resources is evaluated using chemical analysis of 346 samples supplied from 10 springs. Based on Gibbs and van Wirdum diagrams, interaction with rock and sedimentary formations is the dominant process of controlling water chemistry. Based on the Chadha diagram and output of AquaChem program, the amount of alkali earth elements (Ca and Mg) is more than alkali ones (Na and K) and the value of weak acidic anions (CO3 and HCO3) is more than strong acidic anions (Cl and SO4). Therefore, the dominant hydrochemical facies in water samples are Ca-Mg-HCO3 and Mg-Ca-HCO3. In this plain, carbonate and probably halite dissolution are the causes of Ca, HCO3 and Cl abundance in water samples. All samples showed the HCO3+SO4 of less than 5 meq/l and demonstrate that the dominant process affecting water chemistry is the calcite and dolomite dissolution. Ion exchange between fine-grained materials of the aquifer and water solution has occurred very vastly. Based on chloroalkalin (I, II) indices, about 5.49% of samples exhibited the reverse ion exchange. Calculation of the saturation index showed that all samples are undersaturated with respect to anhydrite, aragonite, calcite, dolomite, gypsum, and CO2. Besides, the saturation index of water samples for calcite and aragonite is greater than anhydrite, dolomite, and gypsum. Analysis of principal components affecting water chemistry showed that about 82% of changes in water chemistry is controlled by 4 factors which factor 1 including Ca and HCO3, factor 2 including Na and Cl, factor 3 including Mg and SO4 and finally factor 4 including pH.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Hydrogeochemistry
Ion exchange
Saturation Index
cluster analysis
Factor analysis
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