تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تحلیل وضعیت مؤلفه‌های گردشگری خلاق در کلان‌شهر تبریز به‌عنوان پایتخت گردشگری کشورهای اسلامی

نویسندگان
مسعود صفایی پور 1
یحیی جعفری 2
1 استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری هئیت علمی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
2 دانشجوی دکتری چغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
10.52547/jgs.21.60.107
چکیده
شکل­گیری شهر خلاق و گردشگری خلاق از جدیدترین رویه­ های مدیریت موفق شهری در راستای جذب سرمایه­های مادی و غیرمادی محسوب می­شود. در راستای دست یابی به این هدف، میران شهری اقدام به توسعه زیرساخت­های گردشگری خلاق می­نمایند. کلان­شهر تبریز نیز بنابه داشتن پتانسیل­های زیاد به عنوان پایتخت گردشگری کشورهای اسلامی در سال 2018 انتخاب شده است. هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی نقش مؤلفه­های مؤثر بر تحقق گردشگری خلاق و وضعیت زیرساخت­های این شهر در راستای این هدف است. نوع تحقیق، کاربردی و روش آن توصیفی- تحلیلی، همبستگی می­باشد. تحلیل داده­ها با استفاده از آزمون­های آماری صورت گرفته و اولویت­بندی عناصر شهر خلاق و مناطق شهری در راستای شکل­ گیری گردشگری خلاق است با استفاده از مدل­های تحلیل شبکه­ای و تاپسیس صورت گرفته است. جامعه آماری پژوهش،758421 نفربالای 15 سال ساکن در مناطق ده­گانه تبریز بوده که از این تعداد با استفاده از فرمول کوکران و به روش تصادفی ساده، 384 نفر به عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب شده­اند. شاخص­های تحقیق شامل 10 معیار با 16 زیرمعیار است. نتایج آزمون­های آماری نشان داد که تمامی مؤلفه­های شهر خلاق با میزان خلاقیت مناطق شهری تبریز همبستگی معنادار وجود دارد. دراین‌بین دو متغیر زیرساخت­های خلاقیت و طبقه خلاق با 583/0 و 557/0 دارای بیشترین همبستگی بودند. نتایج حاصل از مدل ANP نشان داد که معیار­های زیرساخت­های خلاقیت و طبقه خلاق به ترتیب با امتیاز 398/0 و 269/0 دارای بیشترین اهمیت در شکل­گیری شهر خلاق دارند. بررسی وضعیت مناطق مختلف شهر از نظر شاخص­های شهر خلاق نیز نشان داد که هشت به دلیل تمرکز آثار تاریخی، مراکز خرید و تفریحی شرایط مناسب­تری دارند. در نتیجه راهکارهای عملی در راستای استفاده از زیرساخت­های شهری به منظور شکل­گیری شهر خلاق و شناساندن تبریز به کشورهای اسلامی ارائه شده است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
شهر خلاق
گردشگری خلاق
کشورهای اسلامی
تبریز 2018

عنوان مقاله English

Analysis of the status of creative tourism components in the metropolises of Tabriz as the capital of tourism in Islamic countries

نویسندگان English

Masoud Safair Pour 1
Yahia Jafari 2
1 Professor, Dep. of Geography and Urban Planning, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Ph.D student, Dep. of Geography and Urban Planning, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده English

Creating a creative city and creative tourism are considered as one of the most successful urban management practices to attract material and immaterial capital. In pursuit of this goal, Miran-e-Shahriy has been developing a creative tourism infrastructure. The metropolis of Tabriz has also been selected as the capital of the Islamic countries for tourism in 2018, with its huge potential. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of effective factors on the realization of creative tourism and the infrastructure of this city in the pursuit of this goal. The type of research, applied and its descriptive-analytical method is correlation. Data analysis was done by statistical tests. Prioritization of the elements of the creative city and urban areas is in line with the development of creative tourism, using network analysis and topsis models. The statistical population of the study is 758421 people living in Tabriz's 10th district. Of these, 384 people have been selected using Cochran's formula and simple random sampling.The variable of this research is 10 criteria with 16 sub-criteria. The results of statistical tests showed that all components of the creative city have a significant correlation with the level of creativity of urban areas of Tabriz. In this regard, the two variables of creativity and creative class infrastructure were the most correlated with 0.583 and 0.557. The results of the ANP model showed that the criteria for creativity and creative class infrastructure with the score of 0.389 and 0.269 have the most importance in the formation of the creative city. The study of the status of different regions of the city according to the indicators of the creative city showed that eight of them are more suitable due to the concentration of historical works, shopping centers and recreation centers. As a result, practical solutions have been developed for using urban infrastructure to form a creative city and identify Tabriz to Islamic countries.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Creative City
Creative tourism
Islamic Countries
Tabriz 2018
Ashworth, G., & Page, S. J. (2011). Urban tourism research: Recent progress and current paradoxes. Tourism Management, 32(1): 1–15.
Beeton, S. (2015). Film-induced tourism. Clevedon: Channel View.
Bianchini, F., Landry, ch., (1994). The creative city. Published by Comedia, UK.
Coletta, C. (2008). Fostering the Creative City.CEOS for Cities, August 2008, p.4
Cooke, P., Lazzeretti, L. (2008). Creative Cities, Cultural Clusters and Local Economic Development, Cheltenham, UK; Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar.
Daniela, S., Daniel, P., Radu, P., Andrei, S. (2014). Territorial Distribution of Creative Poles in Romania, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(122): 184 – 188, doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.1324
Donegan, M., Lowe, N. (2008). Inequality in the Creative City: Is There Still a Place for Old-Fashioned Institutions?, Economic Development Quarterly, 22(1): 46 -62, doi.org/10.1177/0891242407310722
Durmaz, S., Bahar, N. (2015). Analyzing the Quality of Place: Creative Clusters in Soho and Beyoglu, Journal of Urban Design, 20(1): 93-124, doi.org/10.1080/13574809.2014.972348
Fischer, M. M. (2018). Creative Ageing Cities: Place Design with Older People in Asian Cities: Foreward.
Florida, R. (2002). The Economic Geography of Talent, Annals of the Associations of American Geographers, 92(4): 743–755, doi.org/10.1111/1467-8306.00314
Florida, R. (2005). “Cities and the Creative class”, City & Community, New York, 2(1), pp. 3–19, doi.org/10.1111/1540-6040.00034
Florida, R., Kennedy, M., (1988). Venture capital, high technology and regional development Regional Studies,22 (2): 33-48, doi.org/10.1080/00343408812331344750
García-Melón, Mónica & Gómez-Navarro, Tomás & Acuña-Dutra, Silvia .(2017). A combined ANP-delphi approach to evaluate sustainable tourism, Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 34 (12): 41–50, doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2011.12.001
Gibson, C., & Connell, J. (2017). Music, tourism, and the transformation of Memphis. Tourism Geographies, 9(2): 160-190, doi.org/10.1080/14616680701278505
Girardet, T. D. (2008). Efficacy and Safety of a Paired Sedation and Ventilator Weaning Protocol for Mechanically Ventilated, Lancet, England.
Godet, M., 2006, Creating futures: Scenario planning as a strategic management tool. Washington, DC: Economica.
Haspers, f., Bowen, D. (2002). Research through participant observation in tourism: A creativesolution to the measurement of consumer satisfaction /dissatisfaction (CS/D) amongtourists, Journal of Travel Research, 41(1): 4-14, doi.org/10.1177/135676670200800401
Herbert, D. (2017). Literary places, tourism and the heritage experience. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(2): 312–333, doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(00)00048-7
Horng, J.S., Tsai, C.Y., Yang, T.C., Liu, C.H.C. and Hu, D.C. (2016a). Exploring the relationship between proactive personality, work environment and employee creativity among tourism and hospitality employees, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 54(3): 25, doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2016.01.004
Hospers, G.-J., & Van Dalm, R. (2005). How to create a creative city? The viewpoints of Richard Florida and Jane Jacobs. foresight, 7(4), 8-12.
Kabassi, K. (2010). .Personalizes recommendations for tourists, Journal of Telematics and Informatics, 27(2): 51-66, doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2009.05.003
Landry, C .(2008). The Creative City: It is Origin and Future Urban Design, UK; Comedia.
Ockman, J., & Fraust, S. (2007). Architourism: Authentic, escapist, exotic, spectacular. London: Prestel.
Richards, G., &Wilson, J. (2016). Developing creativity in tourist experiences: A solution to the serial reproduction of culture?, Tourism Management, 27(6): 1209-1223, doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2005.06.002
Richards, G., Haspers, f. (2015). Creativity and Tourism. Annals of Tourism research, 38(12): 1225- 1253;
Shaw, K. (2014). Melbourne’s Creative Spaces program: Reclaiming the ‘creative city’, City, Culture and Society, vol. 5(3): 139-147, doi.org/10.1016/j.ccs.2014.07.002
Sleuwaegen, L. and Boiardi, P. (2014). Creativity and regional innovation: Evidence from EU regions, Research Policy, 43(9): 1508-1522, doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2014.03.014
Soteriou, E.C. and Coccossis, H. (2010). Integrating sustainability into the strategic planning of national tourism organizations, Journal of Travel Research, 49(2): 191-205, doi.org/10.1177/0047287509336472
Stevenson, D. and Matthews, A. (Eds.). (2013). Culture and the city: Creativity, tourism, leisure, Oxon: Routledge
Suhartanto, D., Brien, A., Sumarjan, N., & Wibisono, N. (2018). Examining attraction loyalty formation in creative tourism. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 10(2), 163-175, doi.org/10.1108/IJQSS-08-2017-0068
Toutakhane, A. M., & Mofareh, M. (2016). INVESTIGATION AND EVALUATION OF SPATIAL PATTERNS IN TABRIZ PARKS USING LANDSCAPE METRICS. Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering, 10(2): 263-269. doi: 10.4090/juee.2016.v10n2.263269
Yang, Y., & Fik, T. (2014). Spatial effects in regional tourism growth. Annals of Tourism Research, 46(2), 144-162, doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2014.03.007