تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

ارزیابی اثرات روحی و روانی انتشار گاز‌های گلخانه‌ای نیروگاه حرارتی سهند بناب بر جوامع روستایی، مطالعه موردی: سکونتگاه‌های روستایی شهرستان بناب

نویسندگان
محمد ظاهری 1
علی مجنونی توتاخانه 2
1 دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی دانشگاه تبریز
2 دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیاوبرنامه ریزی روستایی دانشگاه تبریز
10.29252/jgs.19.53.75
چکیده
افزایش استفاده از نیروگاه­های حرارتی منجر به انتشار گازها گلخانه­ای در هوا و بروز مشکلات روحی و روانی برای جوامع شده است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف اندازه­گیری مواد آلاینده انتشار یافته از نیروگاه حرارتی سهند بناب و بررسی اثرات روحی و روانی این آلودگی بر روستاها انجام‌گرفته است. برای اندازه­گیری مواد آلاینده، از روش GWP100 و برای اندازه­گیری فشارهای روانی از پرسشنامه­ سنجش فشار روانی مارکهام استفاده گردید. جامعه آماری این پژوهش 10254 نفر بالای 15 سال سن در 7 روستای واقع در جریان گازهای گلخانه­ای نیروگاه ساکن هستند. با استفاده از فرمولکوکران و به روش تصادفی ساده، 375 نفر به عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین مواد آلاینده انتشار یافته، CO2 و NOx است که در فصول سرد 71/4 برابر فصول گرم است. همچنین نتایج آزمون پیرسون نشان داد متغیرهای عصبی و بدخلقی 272/0p=، استرس 325/0p=، تقلیل انرژی 287/0p=، یأس و ناامیدی 142/0p=، افسردگی در زندگی 211/0p= و تغییر در الگوهای رفتاری روزمره 269/0p= دارای بیشترین اثرپذیری از آلودگی هوا بوده­اند. میزان فشار روحی در روستاهای نزدیک بیش از روستاهای دور، زنان بیشتر از مردان و افراد مسن بیشتر از افراد جوان بوده است. نتایج آزمون رگرسیون چندمتغیره و تحلیل مسیر نیز نشان داد که درمجموع، آلودگی هوای ناشی از نیروگاه توانایی تبیین 42/37R2= درصد از تغییرات مربوط به فشار روحی و روانی روستائیان را دارد. در نهایت می­توان گفت نیروگاه­های حرارتی به تناسب نوع فعالیت، نوع سن و جنسیت روستائیان دارای اثرگذاری روحی و روانی منفی هست که بایستی در مطالعات احداث نیروگاه­ها مدنظر قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
نیروگاه حرارتی
آلودگی هوا
فشار روحی و روانی
جوامع روستایی

عنوان مقاله English

Evaluating the mental and emotional effects of Sahand Bonab thermal power plant greenhouse on rural communities, Case study: Rurlas in Bonab

نویسندگان English

Mohamad Zaheri 1
Ali Majnouni-Toutakhane 2
1 University of Tabriz
2 University of Tabriz
چکیده English

The increased use of thermal power plants has led to the spread of greenhouse gases in the air and has caused psychological problems for humans. Accordingly, the present study was conducted to measure the pollutants released by Sahand Bonab thermal power plant and to investigate the effects of this pollution on the psychological and psychological pressure of rural residents. The GWP100 method was used to measure the pollutants of the power plant and to measure the mental and emotional pressures of the citizens, a questionnaire was used to assess the psychological stress of Markham. The statistical population of this study is 10254 people over 15 years of age in 7 villages located in the greenhouse of the power plant. Using formulas and simple random sampling, 375 subjects were selected as sample size. The results showed that the most pollutants released are CO2 and NOx, which is 4.17 times the warm seasons in the seasons. Also, analysis of the results by using a Pearson test showed that six variables including neurological and disturbing variables p= 0.272, stress and psychological stress p= 0.325, feeling of energy decrease, p= 0.287, feeling of despair and disappointment in life p = 0.142, feeling Depression in life of p= 0.211 and change in behavior patterns in everyday life p= 0.269 had the most effect on air pollution. Also, mental and psychological stress in nearby villages was higher than in remote villages, more women than young men than older men and elderly people. The results of multivariate regression and path analysis showed that in general, the air pollution caused by the power plant has the ability to explain R2 = 37.42 percent of the changes related to the psychological and psychological pressure of the villagers. Finally, it can be said that thermal power plants have negative mental and psychological effects according to type of activity, type of age and gender of the villagers, which should be considered in the studies of the construction of power plants.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

greenhouse gases
Thermal Power Plant
Air pollution
psychological stress
rural communities
Bonab
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