تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تبیین دوگانگی در ساختار فضایی کلان شهر تهران

نویسندگان
دانشگاه خوارزمی
چکیده
فضا تولید اجتماعی است و دوگانگی فضای شهری بازتاب‌دهنده دوگانگی اجتماع شهر در ابعاد مختلف است. در شهر تهران رشد نامتوازن و تمرکز توسعه و امکانات در بخش­هایی از شهر، موجب شکل‌گیری الگوی نابرابر کیفیت زندگی و تبدیل آن به فضایی طبقاتی شده است. از این­رو هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر، واکاوی نمودهای فضایی دوگانگی شهری در کلان‌شهر تهران و شناسایی الگوهای فضایی نابرابری در سطح مناطق شهر است. این تحقیق روشی توصیفی – تحلیلی داشته و محدوده جغرافیایی مورد مطالعه، مناطق 22­گانه شهرداری تهران است. داده‌ها و اطلاعات مربوط به 45 شاخص مورد بررسی، از نتایج سرشماری­ عمومی نفوس و مسکن سال­ 1395 و همچنین سالنامه­های آماری سال­های 1398 تا 1401 شهرداری تهران به‌دست آمده و از تکنیک تصمیم­گیری چند معیاره CORASO و شاخص خودهمبستگی فضایی موران به‌ترتیب برای رتبه‌بندی برخورداری و بررسی روابط فضایی میان مناطق استفاده شده است.

یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می­دهد که ساختار فضایی شهر تهران با نوعی دوگانگی مواجه است که به‌صورت شکاف میان مناطق شمالی و جنوبی شهر نمود یافته است. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از مدل CORASO، پهنه شمالی شهر تهران، از جمله مناطق 1 و 3 با امتیازات25313/0، 17013/0 و 12703/0 دارای بالاترین سطوح برخورداری بوده و در مقابل، پهنه جنوبی، به‌ویژه مناطق 17 با امتیاز 25313/0- ، منطقه 10(23450/0-) و منطقه 18 (22924/0-) در زمره مناطق کم‌برخوردار قرار دارند. همچنین مقدار شاخص موران برابر با 433510/0 می­باشد که از یک سو بیانگر وجود همبستگی فضایی بین مناطق بوده و از سوی دیگر نشانگر داشتن الگوی خوشه­ای است. به این معنا که مناطق برخوردار تمایل دارند در مجاورت یکدیگر خوشه‌هایی از توسعه‌یافتگی ایجاد کنند، در حالی‌که مناطق کم‌برخوردار نیز به ‌صورت خوشه‌هایی از محرومیت در نواحی جنوبی شهر پدیدار شده‌اند. این وضعیت بازتابی از تمرکز تاریخی منابع، خدمات و سرمایه‌گذاری‌ها در نواحی شمالی شهر و محرومیت نسبی مناطق جنوبی است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Explaining the Duality in the Spatial Structure of the Tehran Metropolis

نویسندگان English

sajad monfared
Taher Parizadi
Habibollah Fasihi
ali shamaie
University of Kharazmi
چکیده English

Space is socially produced, and the duality of urban space reflects the multidimensional duality of urban society, posing a major challenge to urban development and spatial justice in metropolitan areas. In Tehran, uneven growth and the concentration of development and urban amenities in specific areas have produced unequal quality of life and a socially stratified urban space. Accordingly, this study examines the spatial manifestations of urban duality in the Tehran metropolis and identifies spatial patterns of inequality across municipal districts. The study adopts a descriptive–analytical approach and covers the 22 municipal districts of Tehran. Data for 45 indicators were obtained from the 2016 National Population and Housing Census and the Statistical Yearbooks of Tehran Municipality (2019–2022). District-level development was evaluated using the CORASO multi-criteria decision-making method, while spatial relationships were analyzed through Moran’s I spatial autocorrelation index. The results reveal a pronounced north–south spatial divide in Tehran. Based on the CORASO scores, northern districts—particularly District 6 (0.25313), District 1 (0.17013), and District 3 (0.12703)—exhibit the highest levels of development, whereas southern districts, especially District 17 (−0.25313), District 10 (−0.23450), and District 18 (−0.22924), are among the least developed. Moran’s I value (0.433510) indicates significant spatial autocorrelation and a clustered spatial pattern, with developed districts forming clusters of prosperity and less developed districts forming clusters of deprivation in southern Tehran. This pattern reflects the historical concentration of resources, services, and investments in northern Tehran and the persistent relative deprivation of its southern districts.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Spatial Duality
Moran’s spatial Autocorrelation
CORASO
metropolis of Tehran
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