تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

ارزیابی راهبردهای سیاست خارجی ایران در قبال تحولات ژئوپلیتیکی قفقازجنوبی پس از جنگ قره‌باغ

نویسندگان
1 پژوهشگر پسادکتری، گروه علوم سیاسی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران
2 استاد روابط بین‌الملل، گروه علوم سیاسی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران
چکیده
قفقازجنوبی، منطقه‌ای نیمه‌کوهستانی واقع در حدفاصل دریای خزر و دریای سیاه است که درطول تاریخ، همواره از موقعیتی ژئوپلیتیک و ژئواستراتژیک برخوردار بوده‌است. درگیری‌های میان جمهوری آذربایجان و ارمنستان در قفقازجنوبی که به‌رفع تصرف اراضی ناحیه موردمناقشه قره‌باغ توسط جمهوری آذربایجان منتهی شد، به‌دلیل وجود برخی اختلافات اساسی نظیر نحوه دسترسی به منطقه خودمختار نخجوان، دستیابی به صلح پایدار در قفقازجنوبی را در هاله‌ای از ابهام فرو برده‌است. جمهوری آذربایجان، دسترسی فراسرزمینی و بدون مانع را مطرح نمود که ارمنستان و ایران به‌دلیل قطع ارتباط زمینی میان دو کشور و ایجاد تنگنای ژئوپلیتیک به‌شدت با آن مخالفت کردند.

باتوجه به اهمیت قفقازجنوبی و تاثیرپذیری سیاست‌های ایران از هرگونه تغییر و تحول ژئوپلیتیک در این منطقه، پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از روش توصیفی – تحلیلی، به‌دنبال پاسخ این پرسش است که «دستگاه سیاست‌ خارجی ایران از آغاز درگیری‌ها تاکنون چه راهکارهایی را برای مدیریت تحولات پساجنگ قره‌باغ به‌نفع جلوگیری از هرگونه تغییرات مرزی و تبدیل شدن آن به یک تنگنای ژئوپلیتیک پایدار به‌خدمت گرفته‌است؟» نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که سیاست خارجی جمهوری اسلامی ایران، ترکیبی از اعلام موضع قاطع در مخالفت با هرگونه تغییر مرز، و درعین‌حال پرهیز از تنش و افزایش همکاری‌ها بوده‌است تا بدین ترتیب از هرگونه تغییر وضعیت ژئوپلیتیک به‌ضرر منافع ایران بویژه در کریدور شمال – جنوب ممانعت به‌عمل آید. این سیاست‌ها در سطوح مختلف اقتصادی، نظامی و سیاسی در تعامل با کشورهای جمهوری آذربایجان و ارمنستان دنبال شده‌است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Evaluation of Iran's Foreign Policy Strategies toward Geopolitical Evolutions in the South Caucasus after the Karabakh War

نویسندگان English

Hadith Asemani Kenari 1
AliAkbar Jafari 2
1 Postdoctoral researcher, Department of Political Science, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
2 Professor of International Relations, Department of Political Science, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
چکیده English

The South Caucasus is a semi-mountainous region located between the Caspian and Black Seas which has always enjoyed a geopolitical and geostrategic position throughout history. The conflicts between the Republic of Azerbaijan and Armenia in the South Caucasus, which led to remove the seizure of the disputed territory of Karabakh by the Republic of Azerbaijan, have made it difficult to reach a lasting peace in the South Caucasus due to some fundamental differences such as how to access Nakhchivan region. The Republic of Azerbaijan wants unhindered extraterritorial access, which Armenia and Iran strongly oppose due to the severance of land communication between the two countries and the creation of a geopolitical bottleneck. Given the importance of the South Caucasus and the impressionability of Iranian policies from any geopolitical changes and developments in the region, the present study, using a descriptive-analytical method, seeks to answer the question: "What strategies has the Iranian foreign policy apparatus adopted since the beginning of the conflicts to manage the post-Karabakh war developments in order to prevent any border changes and becoming it into a lasting geopolitical bottleneck?" The result of research show that the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran has been a combination of declaring a firm position in oppositing to any border changes and while avoiding tension and increasing cooperation in order to prevent any change in the geopolitical situation to the detriment of Iran's interests, especially in the North-South Corridor. These policies have been pursued at various economic, military, and political levels in interactions with the Republic of Azerbaijan and Armenia.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Iran
Geopolitical Bottleneck
Karabakh War
foreign policy
South Caucasus
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