تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تحلیل آسیب پذیری مؤلفه های کالبدی شهر کوهدشت در برابر مخاطره زمین لرزه

نویسندگان
دانشگاه خوارزمی
چکیده
هدف این مقاله بررسی مؤلفه­ های طبیعی و کالبدی شهرکوهدشت از نظر آسیب ­پذیری در برابر زمین­لرزه است. کوهدشت شهری با 90 هزاز جمعیت و حدود 540 هکتار مساحت است که در غرب استان لرستان قرار دارد. داده ­های مورد تحلیل از شیپ ­فایل­های اطلاعاتی سرشماری عمومی نفوس و مسکن سال 1395، شیپ­ فایل کاربری اراضی شهری در سال 1399 و شیپ ­فایل­های زمین­ شناسی سازمان زمین ­شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی ایران فراهم آمده و حسب نیاز و بر اساس مشاهدات، عوارضی نیز به آنها افزوده شده است. تحلیل ­ها به کمک سیستم­اطلاعات جغرافیایی و محاسبات آماری از جداول اطلاعاتی و نقشه­ های استخراج شده با استفاده از نرم­ افزار اکسل صورت پذیرفته است. یافته­ های تحقیق دلالت بر این دارند که محدوده مورد مطالعه بر حسب سابقه رخداد زمین ­لرزه، در پهنه­ ای با خطر متوسط قرار گرفته اما فاصله نزدیک آن تا گسل­های فعال، می ­تواند هشداری بر امکان وقوع زمین­ لرزه ­های مخرب باشد. نسبت بالای ساختمان­های غیرمقاوم، تراکم بالای ساختمانی در برخی قسمت­های شهر و وجود دو جایگاه سوخت در میانه بافت­های مسکونی، مهم­ ترین مؤلفه­ های آسیب ­زا بوده و در مقابل وسعت فضاهای باز، نسبت بالای مساکن حیاط ­دار، تراکم کم جمعیت و نفوذ­پذیری بافت از نقاط قوت مهم در این زمینه به ­شمار می­ روند. پهنه مرکزی شهر که خاستگاه اولیه تکوین شهر است از بقیه قسمت­های شهر آسیب­ پذیرتر است و به دلیل وجود بازار و کانون­های حیاتی شهر در این قسمت، عطف توجه در برنامه­ ریزی ­های آتی را ضروری می­ نماید.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Analyzing vulnerability of Kuhdasht physical components against earthquake

نویسندگان English

Habibollah Fasihi
Taher Parizadi
Nahid Noori
Kharazmi University
چکیده English

Among the many kinds of natural hazards, earthquake is one of the rare events that human science has not yet been able to control or even predict. Physical structure conditions of human settlements play an important role in vulnerability to this natural disaster. The purpose of this article is to investigate natural and physical characteristics of Kuhdasht in terms of earthquake vulnerability. The city with a population of 90,000 and an area of about 540 ha, locates in the west of Lorestan province, Iran. The data are provided from GIS file of 2016 Iranian Public Census of Population and Housing, GIS files of Kuhdasht land use and GIS files of Iran faults and lithology. A few layers have been added to these files through observation. It is used Arc-Map 10-8 to combine layers and produce maps. Then we used Excel software to do statistical analysis on data tables. Findings showed that the site of study area locates in a middle risk zone of earthquakes, but its close distance to active faults can be a warning for occurring destructive earthquakes. High proportion of non-resistant buildings, high density of buildings in some parts of the city and the presence of two gas stations in the middle of residential buildings, are the most important components of Kuhdasht vulnerability. In contrast, plenty of open spaces, high proportion of non-apartment houses, low population density and permeability of passages are important strengths in this regard. The central part of the city from which the city originated, is more vulnerable than the other parts. Due to the existence of the trade centers here, it is necessary to pay more attention to in future plans.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Earth quake
Vulnerability
Physical structure
Kuhdasht
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