تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی

تخمین دمای هوا بر اساس پارامترهای محیطی با استفاده از داده های سنجش از دور

نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
2 دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
هدف این مطالعه تخمین دمای هوای میانگین ماهانه با استفاده ازداده های دمای سطح زمین، شاخص تفاضلی نرمال شده پوشش گیاهی، عرض جغرافیایی، ارتفاع، شیب و کاربری اراضی در دوره زمانی 2015-2001 است. علیرغم برخی تشابهات فضایی بین الگوهای فضایی دمای هوا و دمای سطح زمین، این دو متغیر تغییرپذیری کاملا متفاوتی دارند بطوریکه ضریب تغییرپذیری دمای هوا چهار برابر دمای سطح زمین به دست آمد. همچنین نتایج تحلیل حاکی از این است که در زمستان ارتفاع نقش کلیدی را در توزیع پراکندگی اختلافات دمای سطح زمین ودمای هوا دارد، در حالیکه در دیگر فصول نقش شیب و پوشش گیاهی مشخص تر است. پس از مشخص کردن الگوهای فضایی دمای سطح زمین و دمای هوا، اقدام به تخمین دمای هوا از طریق مدل های رگرسیون با وضوح فضایی 0.125 درجه گردید. پایین ترین مقدار خطا در ماه های نوامبر و دسامبر با ضریب تبیین 70 درصد و خطای استاندارد 1 درجه سانتیگراد به دست آمد. همچنین حداکثر خطا در فاصله ماه های می تا آگوست با ضریب تبیین 59 تا 63 درصد و خطای استاندارد 1.6 درجه سانتیگراد محاسبه گردید که در سطوح 0.05 معنی دار هستند. به علاوه نتایج حاصل از ارزیابی هر ماه نشان داد که تخمین دمای هوا در ماه های سرد (نوامبر، دسامبر، ژانویه، و فوریه و مارس) دارای دقت بیشتری است. با در نظر گرفتن کاربری های مختلف، بالاترین ضریب تبیین به مناطق آبی و شهری با ضریب تبیین 96 تا 99 درصد در ماه های گرم و پایین ترین ضریب تبیین به جنگل مخلوط و علفزار با ضریب تبیین 15 تا 36 درصد در ماه های سرد مربوط است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Air temperature estimation based on environmental parameters using remote sensing data

نویسندگان English

Chenoor Mohammadi 1
Manouchehr Farajzadeh 1
Yousef Ghavdel Rahimi 1
Abbas Ali Aliakbar Bidokhti 2
1 PhD Student of climatology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran.
2 full Professor of Physic, Tehran University, Tehran.
چکیده English

This study is aimed at estimating monthly mean air temperature (Ta) using the MODIS Land Surface Temperature (LST), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), latitude, altitude, slope gradient and land use data during 2001-2015. The results showed that despite some spatial similarities between annual spatial patterns of Ta and LST, their variations are significantly different, so that the Ta variation coefficient is four times the one of the LST. Our analysis indicated that while in winter latitude is the key factor in explaining the distribution of the differences LST-Ta, in other seasons the role of slope and vegetation become more prominent. After obtaining the spatial patterns of LST and Ta, we estimated Ta using regression models in spatial resolution of 0.125˚. The lowest estimation error was found in the months of November and December with a high explanatory coefficient (R2) of 70% and a standard error of 1 ° C. On the other hand, the maximum error was obtained from May to August with R2 between 59 to 63% and a standard error of 1.6 ° C which is significant at the 0.05 level. In addition, result of evaluation of individual months showed that estimation of Ta is more accurate at the cold months of the year (November, December, January, February, and March). With considering different land uses, the highest R2 was related to waters and urban areas (96 to 99%) in warm months, and the lowest R2 was for mixed forest and grassland (between 15 and 36%) in cold months.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Air temperature
land surface temperature
Land use
Estimation model
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