The main objective of this study is to conduct a detailed spatio-temporal analysis of land subsidence in the Eshtehard Plain and to elucidate its relationship with the expansion of human activities. To achieve this, the Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) differential radar interferometry technique was applied. A total of 40 Sentinel-1A satellite images, covering the period from 2016 to 2023, were processed to monitor vertical ground displacements across the Eshtehard Plain. The findings revealed significant spatial and temporal variations in land subsidence. Ground surface displacements ranged from –38.65 to +56.29 millimeters per year during the study period. The highest subsidence rates (ranging from –38.65 to –15 millimeters per year) were observed in the northwestern part of the Eshtehard Plain, including the western margins of Eshtehard city, the northern section of the industrial zone, and the agricultural lands in the northwest. This spatial pattern was further examined in conjunction with groundwater level fluctuations derived from piezometric well data. The results indicated that the severe and continuous groundwater decline in the region closely corresponds with both the occurrence and intensity of land subsidence. This strong correlation highlights that excessive groundwater extraction, as the predominant anthropogenic factor, plays a pivotal role in intensifying land subsidence in the plain. Through an integrated analysis of radar interferometry data and field evidence, this study clearly demonstrates that land subsidence in the Eshtehard Plain is an active and widespread phenomenon, directly associated with the extent and pattern of human activities—particularly unsustainable groundwater exploitation. Understanding these linkages is vital for formulating effective water management strategies and sustainable spatial planning for the future of this arid and semi-arid region.